Contact switches to operated condition when the operate condition is met.
This is the current that a relay contact may permanently carry without exceeding its permissible heating related to defined environmental conditions.
This is the difference between the smallest and largest measured values of constant influence quantities related to the max. value (full scale value).
Mechanical service life indicating the permissible number of operations for de-energized relay contacts.
Hysteresis is generally known as maintaining an effect although the physical quantity that has caused it is no longer effective.
For relays, magnetic hysteresis causes the difference between pick-up and drop-out values.
In case of measuring relays the drop-out value is determined by an adjustable hysteresis.
Electromechanical equipment:
The standard DIN EN 60068-2-78 describes the tests for the environmental conditions of steady state damp heat, for example.
Electronic equipment:
The indication of climate resistance for electronic equipment is given as follows:
Climate resistance: 15* / 55** / 04*** IEC/EN 60068-1.
*) -15 °C
**) +55 °C
***) 4 days at 93 % rel. humidity of air 40 °C
Electrical service life indicating the number of operating cycles to be expected at a defined load, e.g. AC 15 (see the definition for switching capacity).
This is the shortest distance along the surface of an insulating material between two conductive parts.
This is the shortest distance in air between two conductive parts.
The nominal voltage of a relay is that voltage for which the winding including additional built-in components is designed and to which other characteristics are related to.
Devices that are rated for 230 V ± 10 % can only be operated on a 220 V or 240 V system with restricted tolerances.
For these devices, the restricted tolerance is indicated on the nameplate.
A protective separation of circuits is present when a single fault does not cause the voltage from being transferred to another circuit.
The definition of “protective separation” is based on the standards DIN EN 61140, DIN EN 60947-1 in conjunction with the standard DIN EN 60664-1 and is specified as rated impulse withstand voltage related to the pollution severity.
The rated impulse withstand voltage is the voltage level according to which clearance and creeping distances are rated.
It is determined as a function of the overvoltage category to which the electrical equipment is to be assigned to.
A specification of 4 kV/2 means: Rated impulse withstand voltage 4 kV related to the pollution severity 2.
The test voltage specifies the dielectric strength between coil and contact, e.g. 4 kV.
With the closed-circuit principle, the contact falls back in its normal position when the operate condition is met.
Standardized classification of the protection of equipment against accidental contact, foreign bodies and water.
According to IEC/EN 60529, the degree of protection is indicated by the code letters IP and two code numbers.
The first code number describes the protection against accidental contact and foreign bodies, the second number the protection against water.
Degrees of protection against solid foreign bodies designated by the first code number
Degrees of protection against water designated by the second code number
Unaffected electric current a switching device or fuse can make/interrupt at a defined voltage under specified conditions.
Extract from IEC/EN 60 947-5-1
Table 1: Utilization categories for switching elements
The rated operational current and the rated operational voltage are determined according to the values defined in the tables 2 and 3 for usual and unusual conditions depending on the utilization category.
Table 2: Proof of the making and breaking capacity of switching elements under usual conditions by utilization categories
Table 3: Proof of the making and breaking capacity of switching elements under unusual conditions by utilization categories1)
The electrical life of a control unit is defined by the number of switching cycles under load that is reached or exceeded by 90 % of all devices under test without any repair or replacement of any part.
Extract from IEC/EN 60 947-5-1
Table 4: Making and breaking capacity for testing the electrical service life
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